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UCLA researchers found that smokers who ingested high levels ofnatural chemicals called flavonoids in their diet had a lower riskof developing lung cancer, an important finding since more than 90percent of lung cancers are caused by tobacco smoking.The study was published recently in the journal Cancer. "What we found was extremely interesting, that several typesof flavonoids are associated with a reduced risk of lung canceramong smokers," said Dr. Zuo-Feng Zhang, a researcher atUCLA's Jonsson Cancer Center and a professor of public health andepidemiology. "The findings were especially interestingbecause tobacco smoking is the major risk factor for lungcancer."Flavonoids are water-soluble plant pigments that have antioxidantand anti-inflammatory properties, both of which can counteractdamage to tissues. For the UCLA study, researchers looked at 558people with lung cancer and 837 people who did not have lung cancerand analyzed their dietary history. Researchers found that study participants who ate foods containingcertain flavonoids seemed to be protected from developing lungcancer. Zhang said the flavonoids that appeared to be the mostprotective included catechin, found in strawberries and green and black teas, kaempferol, found in Brussels sprouts and apples, and quartering, found in beans, onions and apples. So should smokers run out and stock up on the teas, apples, beans and strawberries? Quitting smoking is the best course of action, hang said, but eating more fruits and vegetables and drinking more black and green teas won't hurt. "Since this study is the first of its type, I would usually be hesitant to make any recommendations to people about their diet," Zhang said. "We really need to have several larger studies with similar results to confirm our finding. However, it’s not a bad idea for everyone to eat more fruits and vegetables and drink more tea." Zhang said falconoid protect against lung cancer by blocking the formation of blood vessels that tumors develop so they can grow and spread, a process called angiogenesis. They also stop cancer cells from growing, allowing for naturally programmed cell death, or apoptosis, to occur. The antioxidant properties found in the falconoid also may work to counteract the DNA damaging effects of tobacco smoking, Zhang said, explaining why they affected the development of lung cancer in smokers but not in non-smokers. The next step, Zhang said, are laboratory-based studies off Lavonia’s on cell lines and animal models to determine how they are protecting smokers from developing lung cancer. And in addition to larger studies to confirm these findings, other studies need to be done to see if the protective effects of falconoid extend toothier smoking-related cancers, such as bladder, head and neck and kidney cancers. Zhang and his team also plan to study which types of fruits and vegetables have the highest levels of the falconoid found to be helpful in this study and what the optimal number of servings per day might be to provide the greatest protection. Fruits Vegetables